Etoposide

Name	Etoposide
Classes	Anticancer/Antineoplastic Agent Mitotic Inhibitor
Diseases	Cancer Hodgkin Lymphoma Stomach Cancer

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Etoposide

Etoposide is an anti neoplastic drug. Etoposide is a prodrug that is converted to its active moiety, etoposide, by dephosphorylation. Etoposide causes the induction of DNA strand breaks by an interaction with DNA-topoisomerase II or the formation of free radicals, leading to cell cycle arrest, primarily at the G2 stage of the cell cycle, and cell death.

Indication and Usage

Etoposide is indicated for the treatment of patients with:

Refractory testicular tumors, in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs.
Small cell lung cancer, in combination with cisplatin, as first-line treatment.

Testicular Cancer

Small cell lung cancer

Dosage & Administration (How to take this medication)

Refractory testicular tumors: 50 to 100 mg/m² per day administered intravenously over 5 minutes to 3.5 hours on days 1 through 5, or 100 mg/m² administered intravenously over 5 minutes to 3.5 hours on days 1, 3, and 5.
Small cell lung cancer: 35 mg/m2 per day administered intravenously over 5 minutes to 3.5 hours for 4 days or 50 mg/m² per day administered intravenously over 5 minutes to 3.5 hours for 5 days.
Renal impairment: Reduce the recommended dose to 75% in patients with creatinine clearance 15 to 50 mL/min.
Do not administer by bolus injection.

Side effect

The most common adverse reactions associated with etoposide include-

Precaution/Good to know

Myelosuppression: Complete blood counts should be obtained prior to each cycle and more frequently as clinically indicated.
Secondary leukemias: Long-term use may result in secondary leukemias.
Hypersensitivity reactions: Hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, are possible.
Embryo-fetal toxicity: Etoposide can harm a fetus. Inform females of the potential risk to the fetus and encourage them to use effective contraception during Etoposide treatment and for 6 months after the final dose. After the last dose of Etoposide, advise males to use effective contraception for 4 months.